SARN BADRIG
Riff bas yw Sarn Badrig yn rhedeg allan i'r môr am tua 11 milltir i'r De Orllewin o Mochras.
Un esboniad yw mae rhan o Gantre'r Gwaelod yw'r Sarn - cantref Gwyddno Garanhir a foddwyd pan adawyd y dorau'n agored gan y ceidwad meddw, Seithenyn.
Trwyn rhwng Cricieth a Phwllheli yw Penychain. Mae Myrddin Fardd yn crybwyll mai tarddiad yr enw Penychain yw "Pen-ochain" sef:
"Ochenaid Gwyddnaw Garanhir
Pan droes y don dros ei dir!"
Awgrymiad llai rhamantys yn y "British Regional Geology North Wales" yw mai gweddillion clai clogfaen o Oes yr Ia yw'r Sarn.
Bu'n fan tramgwydd i nifer lawer o longau. Un o'r rhesymau am hyn oedd y siartiau gwael. Gadawyd y Sarn allan yn gyfangwbl gan Capt. Greenville Collins o'i siart o arfordir Cymru a gyhoeddwyd yn "Great Britain's Coasting Pilot" yn 1693.
Dywedodd Lewis Morris, yr hydrograffydd o Fôn, "Capt. Collins ... took but one Season, in Surveying from Milford to Chester, and tho' his Survey is the best yet Published of this Coast, it cannot be supposed it can be much better than an Eye draught, when done in such a Hurry."
Yn mis Mai, 1742, ysgrifennodd Lewis Morris, "Have been upon ye Innermost part of Sarn Badrig and have taken many soundings. The more I know it the more terrible it is."
Bwi Pen Sarn/Causeway Buoy
Boilar ar Sarn Badrig/Boiler on St. Patrick's Causeway
Angor ar Sarn Badrig/Anchor on St. Patrick's Causeway
Siart o arfordir Cymru gan Capt. Greenville Collins (1693)
Chart of the coast of Wales by Capt. Greenville Collins (1693)
ST. PATRICK'S CAUSEWAY
St. Patrick's Causeway is a shallow reef running in a south westerly direction for about 11 miles from Mochras.
One suggestion is that the Causeway is part of Cantre'r Gwaelod - Gwyddno Garanhir's commote which was drowned when the doors were left open by the drunken keeper, Seithenyn.
Myrddin Fardd suggests that the name Penychain, a headland between Cricieth and Pwllheli, originated from "Pen-ochain" - "ochain" means "sigh" which is what Gwyddno Garanhir did when his commote disappeared beneath the waves.
A less romantic suggestion put forward in the "British Regional Geology North Wales" is that the Causeway is the remnants of a boulder clay bank from Ice Age.
The Causeway proved to be the downfall of many ships. One reason for this was the poor charts. The Causeway was totally omitted by Capt. Greenville Collins from his chart of the coast of Wales in "Great Britain's Coasting Pilot" published in 1693.
The Anglesey hydrographer, Lewis Morris, commented, "Capt. Collins ... took but one Season, in Surveying from Milford to Chester, and tho' his Survey is the best yet Published of this Coast, it cannot be supposed it can be much better than an Eye draught, when done in such a Hurry."
In May, 1742, Lewis Morris wrote, "Have been upon ye Innermost part of Sarn Badrig and have taken many soundings. The more I know it the more terrible it is."
LLANBEDROG
"John a Margaret"
Sgwner fach y glannau oedd "John a Margaret." Yn ystod pedair mordaith ar hugain fe gariodd 2,160 tunnell o lechi i Dde Cymru a phorthladdoedd cyfagos. Criw bychan lleol oedd arni dan arweiniad Capt. William Evans, Bathafarn, Llanbedrog. Suddodd yn 1912 ar ôl mynd ar dân tra'n disgwyl am dywydd braf.
"John a Margaret" - 1912
"John a Margaret"
Tua'r lan/Towards the shore
"John a Margaret"
Tua'r môr/Towards the sea
LLANBEDROG
"John and Margaret"
"John a Margaret" was a small coasting schooner. In 24 voyages, she carried 2,160 tons of slate to South Wales and neighbouring English ports. She had a small local crew led by Capt. William Evans, Bathafarn, Llanbedrog. She sank in 1912 after catching fire while waiting for favourable weather.
TRAETH CASTELLMARCH
"Fossil"
Roedd "Fossil" yn smac 38 tunnell a adeiladwyd ym Mhwllheli yn 1851. David Davies oedd ei pherchennog ac fe'i collwyd ar Draeth Castellmarch 14eg Hydref, 1902.
Tydi'r "Fossil" ddim yn dod i'r wyneb yn aml a bu'n rhaid tynnu'r llun hwn ar trai rhyw gyda'r nos.
"Fossil"
CASTELLMARCH/WARREN BEACH
"Fossil"
"Fossil" was a 38 ton smack built at Pwllheli in 1851. She was owned by David Davies and wrecked on the Castellmarch/Warren beach, on 14th October, 1902.
"Fossil" does not come to the surface very often and this photo had to be taken one evening at low water.
PORTH NEIGWL
"Aggravator"
Adeiladwyd yr "Aggravator" yn 1860 allan o goed. Un boilar oedd ganddi ac yr oedd yn pwyso 37 tunnell. J.T. Howells o Bwllheli oedd ei pherchennog.
Daeth yr "Aggravator i'r lan mewn storm Force 10 o'r De Orllewin ar 5ed Awst, 1898. Roedd wedi bod yn dadlwytho yn Rhuol Y Rhiw. Glo oedd ei phrif gargo. Roedd criw o dri ar ei bwrdd a'i chapten oedd David Hughes.
Mae rhan o'r foilar i'w gweld o hyd ond mae'r llyw a'r capstan wedi'u claddu yn y tywod y rhan amlaf. Byddant yn dod i'r golwg weithiau ar ôl stormydd y gaeaf.
Boilar/Boiler
Llyw/Rudder
Capstan
PORTH NEIGWL
"Aggravator"
The "Aggravator" was built from wood in 1860. She had one boiler and weighed 37 tons. Her owner was J.T Howells of Pwllheli.
The "Aggravator" came ashore in a Force 10 South Westerly gale on 5th August, 1898. She had been discharging at Rhuol Y Rhiw. Coal was the main cargo. She had a crew of three aboard and her captain was David Hughes.
Part of the boiler can be seen all the time but the rudder and capstan are usually buried in the sand. They sometimes appear after winter storms.
PORTH TŶ MAWR
"Sorrento"
Roedd llong tri mast y "Sorrento"ar ei ffordd o Lerpwl i New Orleans yn 1870 gyda chargo cymysg pan ddaeth i'r lan ym Mhorth Tŷ Mawr mewn tywydd drwg.
"Stuart"
Roedd y "Stuart" ar ei ffordd o Lerpwl i Seland Newydd gyda chargo o lestri, wisgi, stowt, canhwyllau, matsus, pianos a gorchuddiau lloriau.
Gwnaeth y swyddogion ar ei bwrdd gamgymeriad yn y niwl a'r glaw mân a daeth y "Stuart" i'r lan ar greigiau Porth Tŷ Mawr ar 7ed Ebrill, 1901. Roedd gobaith iddi ail nofio ond roedd ei chêl wedi mynd ar draws gweddillion y "Sorrento." Cododd gwynt o'r môr a thorri mastiau'r "Stuart" a'r rheini yn eu tro yn disgyn ar y llong a'i hagor.
Yna dechraeodd yr hwyl hefo pawb am y gorau i gasglu'r poteli wisgi neu eu hyfed yn y fan a'r lle. Bu Ysgol Sul gyfan yn cynnwys ei hathro yn helpu gyda'r gwaith o achub y diod feddwol. Mewn cyfarfod o Gymdeithas Ysgolion Sul Llŷn, a gynhaliwyd yn Rhagfyr, 1901, penderfynwyd mae rhagrith llwyr fyddai trafod gwaith dirwestol y mudiad Ysgolion Sul tra roedd cynifer o aelodau ac athrawon yn wedi cuddio'r diod feddwol o'r llongddrylliad yn eu cartrefi.
"Stuart" - 1901
Plât/Plate - "Stuart"
Plât/Plate - "Stuart"
Tiwb/Tube - "Stuart"
PORTH TŶ MAWR
"Sorrento"
The three masted "Sorrento" was on her way from Liverpool to New Orleans in 1870 with a general cargo when she came ashore in Porth Tŷ Mawr in bad weather.
"Stuart"
The "Stuart" was in passage from Liverpool to New Zealand with a cargo of crockery, whiskey, stout, candles, matches, pianos and floor coverings.
Her officers made an error in the fog and drizzle and the "Stuart" came ashore on the rocks at Porth Tŷ Mawr on 7th April, 1901. It was hoped that she could be refloated but her keel had struck the wreck of the "Sorrento." Strong onshore winds broke her masts and these, in turn, fell on the ship and broke her open.
Then the fun started in a free for all to collect the whiskey bottles or to drink them on the spot. An entire Sunday School including its teacher helped with the task of rescuing the liquor. At a meeting of the Llŷn Sunday Schools Association, held in December, 1901, it was decided that it would be sheer hypocracy to discuss the temperance work of the Sunday School movement while so many members and teachers had hidden intoxicating liquor from the shipwreck in their homes.
PORTH GOLMON
"Colonel Gamble"
Arferai'r "Colonel Gamble" ddod a nwyddau i Borth Golmon bob haf yn ystod y 19eg ganrif ac yn nechrau'r 20ed ganrif. Fel arfer, glo fyddai'r rhan helaeth o'i chargo, e.e., gadawodd Garstang am Borth Golmon ar 9ed Hydref, 1913 gyda 61 tunnell o lo a 35 tunnell o lwch "basic slag."
Adeiladwyd hi allan o goed yn Y Rhyl yn 1863. Roedd yn 66 troedfedd o hyd, yn 19 troedfedd o led, a 7 troedfedd oedd dyfnder yr howld. Adeiladwyd hi fel fflat gyda un mast ond yn ddiweddarach rhoddwyd ail fast arni i'w gwneud yn "ketch."
William Roberts yna Robert Roberts o Gonwy oedd ei pherchenogion. Ei chapten oedd Robert Hughes.
Oherwydd y creigiau a chulni Porth Golmon, ni ellid ei dadlwytho ond ar dwydd tawel. Ar 13eg Tachwedd, 1913, roedd ym Mhorth Golmon a daeth gwynt cryf o'r gorllewin a'i chwythu yn erbyn y creigiau. Yno y bu, ac roedd yn ddrylliad llwyr erbyn 14eg Chwefror, 1914.
Porth Golmon - ling rhwymo llong/ring to tie up a ship in the foreground
Capstan - "Colonel Gamble"
PORTH GOLMON
"Colonel Gamble"
"Colonel Gamble" brought goods to Porth Golmon every summer during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Coal was usually the main cargo, e.g., she left Garstang on 9th October, 1913 with 61 tons of coal and 35 tons of "basic slag" fertiliser.
She was built of wood in Rhyl in 1863. She was 66ft long, 19ft wide and her hold was 7ft deep. She was initially built as a flat with one mast but was converted into a ketch with the addition of a second mast.
She was owned by William Roberts and then Robert Roberts of Conwy. Her captain was Robert Hughes.
Due to the rocks and narrow width of Porth Golmon her cargo could only be discharged during calm weather. On 13th November, 1913, she was at Porth Golmon when she was blown onto the rocks by a westerly gale. There she remained until she was declared a total wreck on 14th February, 1914.
NANT GWRTHEYRN
Stemar fechan 407 tunnell yn llosgi glo oedd yr "Amy Summerfield." Adeiladwyd hi i gwmni Summerfield Cyf., Lerpwl. Yn Rhagfyr 1922, daeth y "Four Brothers" o hyd iddi wedi ei gadael yn y Môr Celtaidd. Rhoddwyd llongwyr ar ei bwrdd ond fe suddodd yng ngheg yr Afon Merswy ac fe laddwyd dau o'r llongwyr. Daethpwyd a hi i'r wyneb a bu'n masnachu cyn iddi gael ei gwerthu i W.A. Savage a'r Cwmni.
Ar 23ain Mawrth, 1949, fe aeth i erbyn y "Pass of Liny" yng ngheg yr Afon Ribble mewn niwl trwchys.
Daeth ei mordaith olaf i ben ar lwyfan chwarel Cae'r Nant, Nantgwrtheyrn ar 23ain Mawrth, 1951. Galwai'n aml er mwyn llwytho cerrig o'r chwarel gwenithfaen. Ceisiodd ddod wrth ochr y llwyfan rhai dyddiau yng nghynt ond bu'n rhaid iddi ddychwelyd yn ôl i Lerpwl yn wag oherwydd y tywydd gwael. Dywedodd y cwmni y drefn wrth y capten a'i orfodi i ddychwelyd ar unwaith i godi'r cargo.
Parhau wnai'r storm wrth i'r "Amy Summerfield" ddychwelyd i Gae'r Nant. Ceisiodd y criw daflu lein i'r dynion ar y llwyfan ond methont hwy a'i dal. Disgynodd y rhaff angor i'r môr ac am y propelor. Chwythwyd yr "Amy Summerfield" wysg ei hochr i'r traeth ac aeth ei starn yn glec i'r llwyfan.
Penderfynodd y cwmni yswiriant nad oedd yr hen long yn werth ei hachub ac fe'i gwerthwyd yn sgrap i William Williams o Harlech. Torrodd hwnnw hi fesul darn ond mae ychydig ddarnau ohonni ar y traeth hyd heddiw.
Diolch i Rhiw.com am y gwybodaeth ynglŷn â'r "Amy Symmerfield."
"Amy Summerfield"
NANT GWRTHEYRN
The "Amy Summerfield" was a 407 ton coal burning coastal steamer built for the Summerfield Company Ltd., Liverpool. In December, 1922, she was found abandoned and adrift in the Irish Sea by "The Four Brothers." A boarding party was put aboard but the "Amy Summerfield" sank at the mouth of the River Mersey with the loss of two lives. She was refloated and continued to trade before being sold to W.A. Savage & Co.
On 23rd March, 1949, she collided with the "Pass of Liny" in the Ribble Estuary in dense fog.
Her final passage ended at the Cae'r Nant Quarry jetty, Nantgwrtheyrn on 23rd March, 1951. She was a frequent visitor to the jetty, carrying stone from the granite quarry. She had attempted to go alongside a few days earlier but was forced to return to Liverpool without loading her cargo as it was too stormy. Her captain was reprimanded by his company and forced to return immediately for his cargo.
Upon his return to Cae'r Nant, the stormy conditions continued. The crew attempted to pass a line to the waiting gang on the jetty who failed to catch the line. The mooring line fell into the sea and became entangled in the propeller. The "Amy Summerfield" was blown sideways onto the beach and her stern smashed into the jetty.
The insurance company decided that she was not worth refloating and the "Amy Summerfield" was sold as scrap to William Williams of Harlech who broke her although some pieces still remain.
Thanks to Rhiw.com for the information about the "Amy Summerfield."